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accountable care organization
An accountable care organization (ACO) is a healthcare organization characterized by a payment and care delivery model that seeks to tie provider reimbursements to quality metrics and reductions in the total cost of care for an assigned population of patients. A group of coordinated health care providers forms an ACO, which then provides care to a group of patients. The ACO may use a range of payment models (capitation, fee-for-service with asymmetric or symmetric shared savings, etc.). The ACO is accountable to the patients and the third-party payer for the quality, appropriateness and efficiency of the health care provided. According to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), an ACO is "an organization of health care providers that agrees to be accountable for the quality, cost, and overall care of Medicare beneficiaries who are enrolled in the traditional fee-for-service program who are assigned to it."〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services )〕
==History==
The term "Accountable Care Organization" was first used by Elliott Fisher – Director of The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice – in 2006 during a discussion at a public meeting of the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission. The term quickly became widespread, reaching its pinnacle in 2009, when it was included in the federal Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.〔Gold J. Accountable Care Organizations, Explained. Kaiser Health News, NPR. Jan 18, 2011. http://www.npr.org/2011/04/01/132937232/accountable-care-organizations-explained.〕 Although the term ACO was not coined until 2006, it bears resemblance to the definition of the Health Maintenance Organization (HMO), which rose to prominence in the 1970s. Like the HMO, the ACO is "an entity that will be 'held accountable' for providing comprehensive health services to a population."〔4.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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